Chemical engineers perform spectral analysis using a calibrated Optical Emission Spectrometer (OES) to determine the composition of steel at every production stage—from scrap and molten heats to billets and finished products.

Each heat is analyzed for key elements including Carbon (0.14–0.22%), Manganese (0.60–1.00%), Silicon (0.15–0.30%), Phosphorus (≤ 0.05%), and Sulphur (≤ 0.05%). Results are evaluated against KEBS chemical limits to confirm conformity before billets are released for rolling.

Any non-conforming heat is segregated and re-melted to achieve the correct composition.

Tensile testing is carried out by mechanical and process engineers using calibrated Universal Testing Machines (UTM) in accordance with ISO 6892-1 and KS EAS 412 standards.

Representative samples from each rolling batch are tested to verify that the material meets the required mechanical performance parameters:

• Minimum yield strength of 520 N/mm²
• Minimum tensile strength of 600 N/mm²
• Stress ratio (UTS/YS) above 1.15
• Elongation above 17%

These values ensure that every bar or section exhibits adequate strength and ductility for safe structural performance. Materials failing to meet the specified criteria are reprocessed to maintain uniform quality.

Bend and re-bend tests are conducted to evaluate the ductility and workability of reinforcement bars in accordance with ISO 15630-1:2010(E).

Samples are bent through prescribed angles using standard mandrel diameters and inspected for any visible cracks or surface defects. The re-bend test further confirms the steel’s ability to withstand repeated deformation during fabrication.

Any sample exhibiting cracks or fractures is rejected and re-melted to maintain product integrity.

Tolerances on Nominal Mass per Metre:

• For diameters over 8 mm: ± 4.5%
• For diameters 8 mm or less: ± 6.0%

All test results are baselined in accordance with BS4449: 500B conformity, covering KEBS conformity.